Science of Exercise Coursera Quiz Answers

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Science of Exercise

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Week 1 Quiz

1. What is the primary source of energy during a single maximal bench press:

ATP

Creatine phosphate
Glucose
Fat

2. What are the primary sources of energy during a 100-meter dash:

Fat, Creatine phosphate, ATP

Glucose, Creatine phosphate, ATP
Glucose, Fat, Creatine phosphate, ATP
Glucose, Creatine phosphate, Fat

3. What are the primary sources of energy during a marathon:

Creatine phosphate

Fats & carbohydrates
Fats only
Carbohydrates only

4. Regarding the “crossover concept” which of the following is true ( select all that apply ):

At easy exercise intensities fat is the preferred fuel

At easy exercise intensities carbohydrate is the preferred fuel
At hard exercise intensities fat is the preferred fuel
At hard exercise intensities carbohydrate is the preferred fuel

5. The major site of ATP production during aerobic exercise is:

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Cell nucleus
Mitochondria
Hemoglobin

6. Indirect calorimetry can be used during exercise to:

Estimate an individual’s metabolic rate

Measure the rate of heat production
Measure the rate of oxygen production
Measure the rate of carbon dioxide consumption

7. The Respiratory Exchange Ratio is:

0.70 for carbohydrates

1.0 for fats
A ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed
A ratio of oxygen consumed to carbon dioxide produced

8. The major regulator of blood glucose during a 30 min submax exercise bout is:

Muscle glycogenolysis

Adipose lipolysis
Liver glycogenolysis
All of the above

9. Maximal oxygen consumption would be the highest for:

A sprinter

A body builder
A gymnast
A marathon runner

10. Adaptations to a training program primarily relate to the:

Reversibility Principle

Overload Principle
Specificity Principle
Individuality Principle

11. Who would most likely be in positive nitrogen balance:

A golfer on a high protein diet

A marathoner on a high protein diet
A cyclist on a high protein diet
A body builder on a high protein diet

12. Which is true regarding the rate of protein synthesis:

It decreases during exercise and increases post-exercise

It increases during exercise and increases post-exercise
It decreases during exercise and decreases post-exercise
It increases during exercise and decreases post-exercise

13. Which of the following is a source of carbohydrates for the body during exercise?

Muscle glycogen

Blood glucose
Liver glycogen
Liver gluconeogenesis

All of the above

14. Endurance training will result in:

An increase in carbohydrate utilization and fat sparing
An increase in fat utilization and carbohydrate sparing
An increase in fat and carbohydrate utilization

A decrease in fat and carbohydrate utilization

15. Which is true regarding fuel stored in the body:

There is significantly more carbohydrate than fat
There are equal amounts of carbohydrate and fat
These fuels will not deplete during any exercise

There is significantly more fat than carbohydrate

Week 2 Quiz

1. An isometric contraction is one in which there is:

No change in muscle length with tension development
A shortening of muscle with tension development
A lengthening of muscle with tension development

None of the above

2. What best describes a Type I muscle fiber:

High in mitochondria, high resistance to fatigue, relies on aerobic energy production
Low in mitochondria, low resistance to fatigue, relies on anaerobic energy production
High in mitochondria, low resistance to fatigue, relies on aerobic energy production

High in mitochondria, high resistance to fatigue, relies on anaerobic energy production

3. What best describes a Type IIx muscle fiber:

High in mitochondria, high resistance to fatigue, relies on aerobic energy production
Low in mitochondria, low resistance to fatigue, relies on anaerobic energy production
High in mitochondria, low resistance to fatigue, relies on aerobic energy production

High in mitochondria, high resistance to fatigue, relies on anaerobic energy production

4. Which best describes muscle fiber type recruitment during a graded-exercise test:

Type IIx first followed by Type IIa and finally Type I
Type IIa first followed by Type IIx and finally Type I
Type I first followed by Type IIx and finally Type IIa

Type I first followed by Type IIa and finally Type IIx

5. Distance athletes have the greatest percentage of:

Type IIx muscle fibers
Type IIa muscle fibers
Type I muscle fibers

An equal percentage of all 3 fiber types

6. Which is not a major role of the Respiratory System during exercise:

Maintain arterial oxygen levels
Eliminate carbon dioxide
Assist with buffering of metabolic acids

Maintain cardiac output

7. The optimal and most efficient way to increase ventilation during exercise is to:

Increase tidal volume more than breathing frequency
Increase breathing frequency more than tidal volume
Increase tidal volume and breathing frequency equally

8. Which is not a major role of the Cardiovascular System during exercise:

Shunt blood flow from viscera

Muscle glycogenolysis
Increase local muscle blood flow
Increase cardiac output

9. Heart rate increases during exercise as a result of:

An increase in parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve activity

A decrease in parasympathetic nerve activity and an increase in sympathetic nerve activity
A decrease in parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve activity
A decrease in circulating epinephrine

10. What is the Fick equation:

11. Which is not a way to increase blood flow to active muscles:

Increase cardiac output
Vasodilation of blood vessels in active muscles
Vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the viscera
An increase in ventilation

12. Which is true regarding insulin:

It promotes glucose uptake by both muscle and liver
It promotes fat mobilization from adipose tissue
It promotes glycogen breakdown in muscle
It promotes glycogen breakdown in liver

13. Which is true regarding glucagon:

It promotes glucose uptake by both muscle and liver
It promotes fat synthesis in adipose tissue
It promotes glycogen breakdown in muscle
It promotes glycogen breakdown in liver

14. Which is not a role for epinephrine during exercise:

Increase heart rate
Increase stroke volume
Increase glycogen breakdown in muscle
Increase fat mobilization from adipose tissue
None of the above

15. Which is true regarding exercise and the immune system:

An intense bout of exercise will transiently enhance immune function
An intense bout of exercise will transiently suppress immune function
A moderate bout of exercise will transiently enhance immune function
A moderate bout of exercise will transiently suppress immune function

Week 3 Quiz

1. The main components of a sound endurance training program include all but one of the following:

The exercise frequency
The exercise duration
The exercise time of day
The exercise intensity

2. The term “muscle plasticity” (select all that apply):

Refers to the capacity for adaptive change
Is characterized by altered gene expression following a repeated stimulus
Applies to all types of muscle proteins

3. Which is false regarding adaptations to endurance training?

It will increase maximal heart rate
It will increase maximal stroke volume
It will increase maximal (a-v)O2 difference
None of the above

4. Which is true regarding detraining:

Maximal stroke volume decreases the fastest
Mitochondrial numbers decrease the fastest
Maximal heart rate decreases the fastest
VO2max decreases the fastest

5. To maximize muscle mass and strength gains from a resistance training program one should:

Perform many repetitions per set at a low percentage of their 1-Repetiton maximum
Perform fewer repetitions per set at a low percentage of their 1-Repetiton maximum
Perform many repetitions per set at a high percentage of their 1-Repetiton maximum
Perform fewer repetitions per set at a high percentage of their 1-Repetiton maximum

6. Increases in strength associated with a resistance training program are:

Initially due to muscle hypertrophy followed by neural adaptations weeks later
Initially due to both muscle hypertrophy and neural adaptations
Initially due to neural adaptations followed by muscle hypertrophy weeks later
None of the above

7. For the endurance athlete the best time to replenish muscle glycogen stores would be:

Within the first 2-hours after exercising when insulin sensitivity is high
Within the first 12-hours after exercising when insulin sensitivity is high
Within the first 2-hours after exercising when insulin sensitivity is low
Within the first 12-hours after exercising when insulin sensitivity is low

8. Dehydration can negatively impact performance by all but one of the following mechanisms:

A decrease in plasma volume
A decrease in stroke volume
A decrease in heart rate
A decrease in cardiac output

9. Likely causes for fatigue during short-term high-intensity exercise are:

A depletion of ATP, creatine phosphate and hydrogen ions
A depletion of ATP and an accumulation of creatine phosphate and hydrogen ions
A depletion of creatine phosphate and an accumulation of ATP and hydrogen ions
A depletion of ATP and creatine phosphate and an accumulation of hydrogen ions

10. Likely causes for fatigue during long-term lower-intensity exercise are:

A depletion of muscle glycogen & calcium and an increase in body temperature
A depletion of creatine phosphate and an accumulation of hydrogen ions
A depletion of muscle glycogen & calcium and a decrease in body temperature
A depletion of muscle glycogen and an increase in muscle calcium

11. The main cause for delayed onset muscle soreness is:

Isometric muscle contractions
Concentric muscle contractions
Eccentric muscle contractions
All of the above

12. The main cause for immediate muscle soreness experienced during exercise is:

Isometric muscle contractions
Concentric muscle contractions
Eccentric muscle contractions
All of the above

13. Which is true regarding anabolic steroids:

They have few side effects
They are similar in structure to testosterone
They are administered by injection only
They are not as effective as the human growth hormone for increasing muscle mass

14. Which athlete would benefit the most from blood doping:

A body builder
A gymnast
A sprinter
A 10K runner

15. Which is not a mechanism whereby caffeine may improve exercise performance:

Increase mental alertness
Increase creatine phosphate stores
Increase fat mobilization
Increase time to exhaustion

Week 4 Quiz

1. Which is the greatest risk factor for all-cause mortality:

High cholesterol
Physical inactivity
Hypertension
Obesity

2. Select all that apply – Regular exercise can reduce the risk for:

Depression
Heart disease
Type 2 diabetes
Obesity

3. Which is false regarding visceral fat:

It is the fat located around inner organs
It puts an individual at a greater risk for Type 2 diabetes
It puts an individual at a greater risk for heart disease
It is less of a health risk than subcutaneous fat

4. In order to lose and maintain weight loss an individual must:

Maintain energy balance through diet and exercise
Maintain a negative energy balance through diet and exercise
Maintain a positive energy balance through diet and exercise
Use dieting alone to lose and maintain weight loss

5. The benefits of exercise on the risk factors for heart disease include all but one of the following:

Decreased cigarette smoking
Decreased hypertension
Decreased obesity
Decreased LDL cholesterol

6. Which is false regarding atherosclerosis:

It is caused by deposits of fatty plaques in arteries
It increases the risk of a stroke
It is caused by elevated HDL cholesterol levels
It increases the risk of a heart attack

7. Type 2 diabetes is:

Characterized by the development of insulin resistance
Characterized by the development of hypoglycemia
Characterized by the development of insulin sensitivity
Characterized by the development of subcutaneous fat

8. Regular exercise can help to prevent and treat Type 2 diabetes by:

Increasing blood glucose and insulin sensitivity
Decreasing blood glucose and increasing insulin sensitivity
Increasing blood glucose and decreasing insulin sensitivity
Decreasing blood glucose and insulin sensitivity

9. Regular exercise can reduce the risk of cancer by all but one of the following mechanisms:

Increasing specific growth factors
Enhancing natural immunity
Increasing levels of antioxidants
Lowering body fat

10. Regarding exercise as a treatment for cancer patients, which of the following is false:

It can reduce cancer-related fatigue
It can reduce recurrence and mortality in some cancers
It can reduce depression and anxiety
It is less effective than pharmaceutical interventions for cancer-related fatigue

11. The functional consequences of sarcopenia include:

Decrease in muscle mass & strength, increased risk of falling, increase in bone density
Decrease in muscle mass & strength, decreased risk of falling, decrease in bone density
Decrease in muscle mass & strength, increased risk of falling, decrease in bone density
Increase in muscle mass & strength, increased risk of falling, decrease in bone density

12. Regarding exercise and osteoporosis which is true:

Exercise will increase calcium deposition into bone decreasing bone mineral density
Exercise will decrease calcium deposition into bone increasing bone mineral density
Exercise will decrease calcium deposition into bone decreasing bone mineral density
Exercise will increase calcium deposition into bone increasing bone mineral density

13. The decline in VO2max with advancing age is:

Similar for trained and untrained individuals
Due to a reduction in maximal cardiac output but not maximal (a-v)O2 difference
Partially offset by aerobic training at any age
Due to a reduction in maximal (a-v)O2 difference but not maximal cardiac output

14. Which is true regarding a single bout of exercise and the brain:

Exercise increases neuroelectrical activity but not brain blood flow
Exercise increases brain blood flow but not neuroelectrical activity
Exercise brain blood flow and neuroelectrical activity are similar to rest
Exercise increases brain blood flow and neuroelectrical activity

15. Regular exercise can:

Decrease the risk of dementia, symptoms for Parkinson’s disease and increase depression
Decrease the risk of dementia, symptoms for Parkinson’s disease and depression
Increase the risk for dementia but reduce the risk for depression
Increase the symptoms for Parkinson’s disease but reduce the risk for Alzheimer’s disease