Motor Modulation

ByAdmin July 22, 2021

Week- 8 Motor Modulation>>> Understanding the Brain: The Neurobiology of Everyday Life

1. The star nose mole is a remarkable mammal. This mole lives and eats both on land and in water in regions where light is typically unavailable. Rather than navigate by vision, the star nose mole uses motile protuberances called rays that are arranged in a star shaped ring. The rays can be moved individually and are covered in somatosensory receptors so that the whole nose functions as a tactile eye. Which of the following would you expect to be true of the star nose mole’s cerebellum? Check all that apply.

1 point

An expanded paravermis receives mostly visual input from the mole’s vestigial eye.

An expanded vermis receives mostly somatosensory input from the mole’s star-ray.

Output from the vermis modulates ray movements.

Output from the flocculus modulates ray movements.

None of the above.

Normally, walking occurs without the cerebellum’s participation.

The cerebellar lateral lobes would be required to learn a new walk such as the moon walk made famous by the American singer Michael Jackson.

A person with a damaged vermis may show ataxic walking.

A person with an intact cerebellum may be able to walk in different directions with the two legs.

None of the above.

Efference copy information from the arm representations in motor cortex on both sides.

Efference copy information from motoneurons in the lumbosacral cord.

Efference copy information from skin.

Sensory reafference information from the arm muscles and joints.

The paravermis on both sides.

She will return to walking very quickly.

She will return to playing Flight of the Bumblebee fluently as quickly as she returns to walking.

Her cerebellum will be critical to her ability to adapt her walking to her weakened muscles.

Her cerebellum will be critical to her ability to adapt her flute playing to her weakened muscles.

None of the above.

This movement will be easier to initiate.

This movement will be harder to initiate.

Extra, unrelated movements will be more likely to occur.

Extra, unrelated movements will be less likely to occur.

The basal ganglia oppose on-going movements.

Dopamine is required for the basal ganglia to allow movements.

There are two core structures in the basal ganglia: the striatum and the motor cortex.

The basal ganglia receive sensory information from joint and muscle sensory receptors.

The core structures of the basal ganglia are telencephalic.

At rest, the basal ganglia suppress movement.

The input to the basal ganglia from the cerebral cortex is excitatory.

The output from the basal ganglia is inhibitory.

Neurons in the two core structures of the basal ganglia are inhibitory.

A movement is released from inhibition when neurons in the striatum inhibit the output neurons of the basal ganglia.

A disease that resulted in reduced output from the basal ganglia would be expected to produce a poverty of movement.

Give your cat a treat immediately after she runs through each component of the routine successfully.

Give your cat a treat 5 min after she runs through each component of the routine successfully.

Dopamine is the neurotransmitter responsible for strengthening basal ganglia circuits.

Even after she learns and performs the routine many times, treats will still be needed to get your cat to run through the routine.

Reading on a bus using the VOR is close to normal.

The morning routine of washing up and making breakfast is likely to be much slower.

The midbrain substantia nigra is still black in color.

Cerebellar mediated hand-eye coordination is close to normal.

Even when the person wants to move, it will be more difficult to begin moving.

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Week- 8 Motor Modulation>>> Understanding the Brain: The Neurobiology of Everyday Life

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